Iron is essential for health mineral that makes up an important part of hemoglobin, the substance in blood that carries oxygen throughout the body. Iron also carries oxygen in muscles, helping them function properly and builds bones and teeth. Iron helps increase your resistance to stress and disease. 

Most women don't get enough iron, and when you're pregnant, your need for this crucial mineral doubles because your body must produce extra blood to support your growing baby. Even if you're a healthy eater, diet alone probably won't give you enough, and anemia is a common problem for pregnant women. During pregnancy, you'll need 30-60 milligrams (mg) a day  in the second and third trimesters (nonpregnant women need 15 mg, and a nursing mom needs 19 mg).

FYI When taking a supplement, eat more fiber and drink more liquids to help avoid constipation — but not at the same time you take the pill. Take it on an empty stomach to increase absorption.

The body absorbs iron more efficiently during pregnancy; therefore it is important to consume more iron while you are pregnant to ensure that you and your baby are getting enough oxygen. Iron will also help you avoid symptoms of tiredness, weakness, irritability and depression. During pregnancy, iron deficiency is associated with increased risk of premature deliveries, giving birth to infants with low birth weight, (36,37) and maternal complications

Other facts about iron

1. Vitamin C helps your body use iron. It is important to include sources of vitamin C along with foods containing iron and iron supplements. Foods high in vitamin C include orange juice, grapefruit juice, green peppers, broccoli, melon, strawberries and cabbage.

2. Caffeine can inhibit the absorption of iron. Try to consume iron supplements and foods high in iron at least 1 to 3 hours before or after drinking or eating foods containing caffeine. In general, caffeine is found in coffee, tea, colas and chocolate products. Caffeine-free colas and many medications also contain caffeine.

3. Iron is lost in cooking some foods. To retain iron, cook foods in a minimal amount of water and for the shortest possible time. Also, cooking in cast iron pots can add up to 80 percent more iron to foods.

4. Constipation is a common side effect of taking iron supplements. To help relieve constipation, slowly increase the fiber in your diet by including whole grain breads, cereals, fruits and vegetables. Drinking at least 8 cups of fluids daily and increasing moderate exercise (as recommended by your physician) can also help you avoid constipation.

Symptoms of iron anemia include fatigue, sallow skin, and hair loss. If you're iron deficient, you may be very sensitive to cold.

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